Language is only useful when it helps you deal with real-life situations. In this practical unit, you’ll explore vocabulary and expressions used in everyday contexts such as travel, work, health, banking, shopping, technology, and public services.
You’ll not only learn the right words and phrases for these situations, but also how to understand public signs, ask for help, make complaints, and interact naturally in service encounters. This unit is packed with real-world role-plays and listening practice to help you apply everything you've learned in realistic, useful ways.

19.1 ENGLISH FOR TRAVELLING (TRANSPORT, HOTELS, EMERGENCIES)
Objective:
To learn essential vocabulary, expressions, and sentence patterns used when travelling, including transportation, hotel check-ins, and handling emergency situations abroad.

🔹 VOCABULARY: TRANSPORTATION
Word/Phrase    Meaning (Spanish)
ticket    boleto / billete
platform    andén
departure    salida
arrival    llegada
boarding pass    tarjeta de embarque
gate    puerta de embarque
schedule    horario
round-trip ticket    billete de ida y vuelta
single ticket    billete de ida
subway / underground    metro
shuttle    bus lanzadera / transfer

🔸 KEY TRAVEL EXPRESSIONS
Situation    Expression
Asking for info    Excuse me, where can I buy a ticket?
Confirming time    What time does the train to London leave?
Clarifying platform    Is this the right platform for the 8:30 train?
Delays    Is the flight delayed or on time?

🔹 VOCABULARY: HOTELS
Word/Phrase    Meaning (Spanish)
reservation / booking    reserva
check-in / check-out    entrada / salida del hotel
reception / front desk    recepción
single / double room    habitación individual / doble
key card    tarjeta de acceso
amenities    servicios
room service    servicio a la habitación
housekeeping    limpieza
wake-up call    llamada para despertar

🔸 HOTEL CHECK-IN/CHECK-OUT PHRASES
Guest Says    Staff Might Say
I have a reservation under the name...    Can I see your ID, please?
What time is check-out?    Check-out is at 11 a.m.
Can I have a wake-up call at 6 a.m.?    Certainly. We'll schedule it.
Is breakfast included?    Yes, it's served from 7 to 10 a.m.

🔹 VOCABULARY: EMERGENCIES
Word/Phrase    Meaning (Spanish)
emergency    emergencia
lost / stolen    perdido / robado
embassy / consulate    embajada / consulado
police station    comisaría
hospital / clinic    hospital / clínica
health insurance    seguro médico
injury / pain    herida / dolor
passport    pasaporte

🔸 USEFUL EMERGENCY PHRASES
Situation    Phrase
Reporting theft    My wallet has been stolen.
Needing help    Can you help me? I don’t speak the language well.
Contacting embassy    Where is the nearest embassy?
Medical emergency    I need a doctor. / I think I’ve broken my arm.
Lost passport    I’ve lost my passport. What should I do?

🔹 SENTENCE PATTERNS
I’m looking for… → I’m looking for the nearest metro station.
Do you know where…? → Do you know where I can buy a SIM card?
Can you help me…? → Can you help me find my hotel?
Is there a…near here? → Is there a pharmacy near here?

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I have a reservation for my name.    I have a reservation under my name.    Prepositional usage
I need go to airport.    I need to go to the airport.    Missing “to” before verb
Where I can find a taxi?    Where can I find a taxi?    Word order in questions
He robbed my phone.    He stole my phone. / I was robbed.    “Rob” ≠ “steal” in structure

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Anna: Excuse me, where can I catch the shuttle to the airport?
Hotel Clerk: Just outside the main entrance. It leaves every 30 minutes.
Anna: Great. Also, I lost my room key.
Hotel Clerk: No problem. Can I see your ID to issue a new one?
Anna: Sure. Oh—and can I get a wake-up call at 6 a.m.?
Hotel Clerk: Of course. We’ll take care of it.

19.2 ENGLISH AT WORK (EMAILS, MEETINGS, PHONE CALLS)
Objective:
To master essential vocabulary and expressions used in professional settings, including writing emails, participating in meetings, and handling phone conversations in English.

🔹 VOCABULARY: OFFICE AND BUSINESS SETTINGS
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
agenda    orden del día
minutes    acta de una reunión
deadline    fecha límite
schedule    horario / planificación
update    actualización
feedback    comentario / retroalimentación
task    tarea
department    departamento
supervisor / manager    supervisor / jefe
colleague    compañero de trabajo

🔸 WRITING EMAILS: STRUCTURE & PHRASES

1. GREETING
Formal    Informal
Dear Mr./Ms. [Last Name]    Hi [First Name]
To whom it may concern    Hello everyone

2. OPENING LINES
Purpose    Expression
Referring to previous contact    Thank you for your email.
Introducing purpose    I’m writing to inform you about…
Making a request    Could you please send me…?
Offering help    If you need any further information, feel free to ask.

3. CLOSING LINES
Expression    Use Case
Looking forward to your response.    Awaiting reply
Please let me know if you have any questions.    Offering help
Best regards / Kind regards    Formal closings
Thanks again / All the best    Neutral/informal

🔹 VOCABULARY & PHRASES: MEETINGS
Expression    Purpose
Let’s get started.    Opening the meeting
The purpose of today’s meeting is…    Clarifying objectives
Can we move on to the next point?    Progression
That’s a great suggestion.    Agreement
I’m afraid I have to disagree.    Polite disagreement
Let’s summarize what we’ve discussed.    Wrapping up

🔸 PARTICIPATING IN A MEETING: FUNCTIONAL PHRASES
Function    Phrases
Asking a question    Can I ask something? / What do you mean by...?
Clarifying    Just to clarify… / Are you saying that…?
Interrupting politely    Sorry to interrupt, but…
Giving opinion    In my opinion… / I believe that…
Agreeing/disagreeing    I agree with you. / I see your point, but…

🔹 PROFESSIONAL PHONE CALLS
Expression    Use Case
Hello, this is [Name] speaking.    Answering the phone
Can I speak to [Name], please?    Asking for someone
I’m calling about…    Stating reason for the call
One moment, please.    Putting someone on hold
Could you repeat that, please?    Clarifying information
Thank you for your call.    Ending call politely

🧠 USEFUL SENTENCE PATTERNS
I’m writing to request…
We’d like to schedule a meeting on…
Please find attached…
Let me get back to you on that.
As discussed in the last meeting…

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I wait your answer.    I look forward to your reply.    Expression misuse
I’m agree with that.    I agree with that.    “Agree” is not used with “be”
Please, can you send me the info?    Could you please send me the information?    Formal register preferred
Let’s speak about the problem.    Let’s talk about the problem. / discuss the problem    “Speak about” less natural

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Manager: Good morning, everyone. Let’s begin with the project updates.
Emma: Sure. First of all, we’ve finalized the design. I’ll send you the files by email.
Manager: Excellent. And what about the deadline?
Emma: We may need an extension. I’ll write to the client this afternoon.
Manager: Okay. Please let me know once you’ve heard back.
Emma: Will do.

19.3 ENGLISH FOR STUDYING (ACADEMIC VOCABULARY, INSTRUCTIONS)
Objective:
To develop the language skills needed for academic contexts, including understanding and using educational vocabulary, following instructions, and participating in classroom activities and written assignments.

🔹 ACADEMIC VOCABULARY: CORE TERMS
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
assignment    tarea / trabajo académico
essay    redacción / ensayo
deadline    fecha límite
syllabus    programa de estudios
lecture    clase magistral
seminar    seminario / clase interactiva
course    curso / asignatura
term    trimestre / cuatrimestre / semestre
credit    crédito académico
grade / mark    nota
attendance    asistencia
feedback    comentarios sobre tu trabajo

🔸 INSTRUCTIONS IN ACADEMIC SETTINGS
Verb    Function    Example
describe    give details    Describe the causes of climate change.
explain    clarify or give reasons    Explain how photosynthesis works.
compare    show similarities and differences    Compare the French and American revolutions.
discuss    examine a topic from different points of view    Discuss the pros and cons of online learning.
summarize    give a brief overview    Summarize the main points of the article.
define    give a clear meaning    Define the term “biodiversity.”
✅ These verbs are often found in exam questions, assignments, and syllabi.

🔹 TYPICAL CLASSROOM INSTRUCTIONS
Expression    Meaning (Spanish)
Hand in your assignment by Friday.    Entrega tu trabajo antes del viernes
Work in pairs/groups.    Trabaja en parejas / grupos
Take notes.    Toma apuntes
Open your books to page 47.    Abre el libro en la página 47
Complete the exercise.    Haz el ejercicio
Underline the key words.    Subraya las palabras clave
Revise for the test.    Repasa para el examen

🔸 FUNCTIONAL ACADEMIC PHRASES
Purpose    Example
Giving opinion    In my opinion… / I believe that…
Introducing a topic    This essay will examine…
Referring to a source    According to the article…
Clarifying    What I mean is… / That is to say…
Concluding    In conclusion… / To sum up…

🔹 ACADEMIC WRITING STRUCTURES
Component    Function    Example
Introduction    presents the topic    This paper explores the impact of social media.
Body Paragraphs    develops the argument    Firstly… Secondly… In contrast…
Conclusion    summarizes and reflects    To conclude, the data suggests…
✅ Academic writing values clarity, logic, evidence, and formality.

🔸 COMMON CONNECTORS IN ACADEMIC ENGLISH
Function    Connectors
Addition    Furthermore, Moreover, In addition
Contrast    However, On the other hand, Although
Cause/Effect    Because, Therefore, As a result
Example    For instance, Such as, Namely
Conclusion    In conclusion, To sum up, Overall

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
Make an essay about…    Write an essay on/about…    “Make” is not used for writing tasks
Do a mistake in the test    Make a mistake in the test    Collocation error
He explain me the theory.    He explained the theory to me.    Verb pattern
I have a doubt.    I have a question.    In academic English, “doubt” ≠ “question”

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Student: Excuse me, could you explain the assignment again?
Teacher: Of course. You need to write a 500-word essay on one of the topics from Unit 3.
Student: When is it due?
Teacher: Please hand it in by next Friday.
Student: And can we use outside sources?
Teacher: Yes, but remember to cite them properly.

19.4 AT THE DOCTOR’S: HEALTH AND SYMPTOMS
Objective:
To understand and use vocabulary and expressions for describing health problems, talking to medical professionals, and handling appointments or emergencies in English-speaking healthcare settings.

🔹 VOCABULARY: COMMON SYMPTOMS
Symptom    Meaning (Spanish)
headache    dolor de cabeza
sore throat    dolor de garganta
cough    tos
fever    fiebre
chills    escalofríos
nausea    náuseas
dizziness    mareo
stomachache    dolor de estómago
back pain    dolor de espalda
rash    sarpullido / erupción
fatigue    fatiga / cansancio extremo
shortness of breath    dificultad para respirar

🔸 TALKING TO A DOCTOR
Patient Says    Doctor Might Say
I have a headache and feel dizzy.    How long have you had these symptoms?
I’ve been coughing a lot lately.    Do you have a fever or chills?
My stomach hurts after I eat.    It might be food-related. We’ll run some tests.
I feel very tired all the time.    Let’s check your blood pressure.

🔹 VOCABULARY: MEDICAL VISITS AND TREATMENT
Word/Phrase    Meaning (Spanish)
appointment    cita
check-up    revisión médica
prescription    receta médica
over-the-counter    medicamento sin receta
antibiotic    antibiótico
side effect    efecto secundario
vaccination / shot    vacuna / inyección
blood test    análisis de sangre
emergency room (ER)    urgencias

🔸 USEFUL PHRASES AT THE CLINIC
Situation    Phrase
Making an appointment    I’d like to make an appointment with Dr. Smith.
Describing condition    I’m feeling unwell. / I think I have the flu.
Asking for help    Can someone help me? I feel faint.
During examination    It hurts here. / I’ve had this pain for three days.
After diagnosis    Do I need to take medicine? / Is it serious?

🔹 PHARMACY VOCABULARY
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
dosage    dosis
refill    reposición de receta
instructions    instrucciones
tablet / capsule    pastilla / cápsula
apply / take / swallow    aplicar / tomar / tragar
✅ Always follow medical instructions: Take one tablet every 8 hours.

🧠 SENTENCE PATTERNS
I have + symptom → I have a sore throat.
I’ve been + verb-ing → I’ve been coughing since yesterday.
It hurts when I… → It hurts when I walk.
I’d like to see a doctor about… → …my back pain.

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I have a strong cold.    I have a bad cold.    “Strong” is not natural for illness
I feel bad the stomach.    I have a stomachache. / My stomach hurts.    Use proper collocation
Can you give me a recipe?    Can you give me a prescription?    “Recipe” ≠ “Receta médica”
I’m constipated. (EN)    I have a cold. or I’m congested. (if meant as Spanish "constipado")    False friend

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Receptionist: Good morning. How can I help you?
Patient: I’d like to see a doctor. I’ve had a fever and sore throat for two days.
Receptionist: Do you have an appointment?
Patient: No, this is urgent.
Receptionist: Please take a seat. A nurse will call you shortly.

19.5 BANKING AND MONEY MATTERS
Objective:
To become confident using English in financial contexts, including banking vocabulary, payment expressions, and common phrases for handling money in everyday and formal situations.

🔹 VOCABULARY: BANKING BASICS
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
account    cuenta
savings account    cuenta de ahorros
checking/current account    cuenta corriente
balance    saldo
deposit    depósito / ingresar dinero
withdrawal    retirada de dinero
ATM / cash machine    cajero automático
transfer    transferencia
interest rate    tasa de interés
fee    comisión / cargo

🔸 AT THE BANK: USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
Customer Says    Bank Staff Might Say
I’d like to open a new account.    What type of account are you interested in?
Can I withdraw 200 dollars, please?    Do you have your ID?
I need to transfer money to another account.    Is it a domestic or international transfer?
What’s my current balance?    Let me check that for you.
Are there any monthly fees?    There’s a small maintenance fee.

🔹 VOCABULARY: PAYMENTS AND SERVICES
Term    Use Case
credit card    tarjeta de crédito
debit card    tarjeta de débito
contactless payment    pago sin contacto
PIN    código secreto
online banking    banca en línea
direct debit    domiciliación bancaria
standing order    orden permanente (pagos fijos)
overdraft    descubierto bancario
statement    extracto bancario

🔸 PAYMENT AND SHOPPING PHRASES
Expression    Meaning
How would you like to pay?    ¿Cómo quiere pagar?
Can I pay by card?    ¿Puedo pagar con tarjeta?
Do you accept contactless?    ¿Aceptan pago sin contacto?
I'd like to withdraw some cash.    Quiero sacar dinero.
I'd like to check my recent transactions.    Quiero ver mis últimos movimientos.

🔹 VOCABULARY: CURRENCY AND EXCHANGE
Term    Example
currency    The official currency is the euro.
exchange rate    What’s the current exchange rate for dollars?
foreign transaction    There may be a fee for foreign transactions.
change (noun)    Here’s your change.
small bills / coins    Do you have smaller bills?

🧠 FUNCTIONAL SENTENCE PATTERNS
I’d like to open/apply for… → a new account / a credit card
Can I check the balance of…?
I lost my card. Can you cancel it?
Could you explain this charge on my statement?
How long does the transfer take?

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I need to retire some money.    I need to withdraw some money.    “Retire” ≠ retirar dinero
I want to ingress money in my account.    I want to deposit money into my account.    Use “deposit,” not “ingress”
I paid with my credit.    I paid with my credit card.    “Credit” alone is not specific
Give me my change, please.    ✔ Correct if referring to cash returned    Often confused with “exchange”

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Customer: Hello. I’d like to check my balance, please.
Banker: Sure. Do you have your debit card or ID with you?
Customer: Yes, here’s my ID. Also, I’d like to make a transfer.
Banker: Domestic or international?
Customer: Domestic—for rent. And I’d also like to order a new checkbook.
Banker: Of course. I’ll help you with that.

19.6 SHOPPING AND SERVICES
Objective:
To build vocabulary and fluency for shopping situations and interacting with service providers, including asking for help, making complaints, and understanding product and payment language.

🔹 VOCABULARY: SHOPPING BASICS
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
cashier    cajero/a
receipt    recibo / ticket
refund    reembolso
exchange    cambio de producto
discount / offer    descuento / oferta
price tag    etiqueta de precio
fitting room    probador
in stock / out of stock    disponible / agotado
size / color / brand    talla / color / marca
shopping cart / basket    carrito / cesta

🔸 USEFUL EXPRESSIONS IN STORES
Customer Says    Staff Might Say
Excuse me, do you have this in a medium?    Let me check for you.
Can I try this on?    The fitting rooms are over there.
How much does it cost?    It’s on sale for $25.
Do you have it in another color?    It comes in black and navy blue.
I'd like to return this item.    Do you have the receipt?

🔹 VOCABULARY: SERVICES
Service Context    Vocabulary
hair salon    haircut, trim, appointment, blow-dry
dry cleaner    wash, press, pick up, drop off
repair shop    fix, replace, broken, estimate
restaurant    reservation, order, bill, tip, special
online customer service    shipping, tracking, support ticket

🔸 PHRASES FOR REQUESTING SERVICE
Situation    Example Phrase
Booking    I'd like to make a reservation for two at 8 p.m.
Delivery    Is home delivery available?
Asking for a service    Could I get a haircut, please?
Describing the issue    My phone isn’t charging. Can someone take a look?
Follow-up    I dropped off a jacket yesterday. Is it ready?

🔹 HANDLING PROBLEMS AND COMPLAINTS
Complaint Phrase    Polite Follow-up
This item is damaged.    Could I exchange it, please?
I didn’t receive my order.    Could you check the tracking status?
This isn’t what I ordered.    Can I speak to the manager?
The bill is incorrect.    Could you double-check it for me?
I’ve been waiting for a long time.    Is there an estimated wait time?
✅ Always be polite and use modal verbs: could, would, may

🔸 PAYMENT VOCABULARY
Term    Use Example
pay by card / cash    Can I pay by card?
contactless payment    Do you accept contactless?
split the bill    Can we split the bill?
loyalty card    Do you have a loyalty card?
refund / store credit    Would you like a refund or store credit?

🧠 SENTENCE PATTERNS
I’m looking for… → I’m looking for a black jacket in size large.
Do you have this in…? → Do you have this in red?
Could I return/exchange this?
Can I get a receipt, please?
What’s the return policy?

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I want to buy it in discount.    I want to buy it on sale.    “On sale” is the correct phrase
I go to make the shopping.    I’m going shopping.    Wrong verb + article
I want to pay with money.    I want to pay in cash.    Collocation
Where I can try it?    Where can I try it on?    Question word order + phrasal verb

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Customer: Excuse me, do you have this shirt in a small?
Shop Assistant: Let me check in the back for you.
Customer: Thanks. Also, what’s your return policy?
Shop Assistant: You have 30 days with the receipt.
Customer: Great. I’ll try it on first.
Shop Assistant: The fitting rooms are just to the left.

19.7 TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL MEDIA
Objective:
To understand and use vocabulary related to digital technology, devices, internet tools, and social media platforms, as well as expressions used in everyday tech-related conversations.

🔹 VOCABULARY: DEVICES AND HARDWARE
Term    Meaning (Spanish)
laptop    ordenador portátil
desktop computer    ordenador de sobremesa
tablet    tableta
smartphone    teléfono inteligente
charger    cargador
headphones / earbuds    auriculares
screen    pantalla
keyboard / mouse    teclado / ratón
USB stick / flash drive    memoria USB
router    enrutador

🔸 VOCABULARY: INTERNET AND SOFTWARE
Term    Use Case
browser    I use Chrome as my browser.
app / application    That’s my favorite photo editing app.
download / upload    Did you upload the file yet?
Wi-Fi    The Wi-Fi signal is weak.
password    You need a password to log in.
username / login    Enter your username and click login.
link / hyperlink    Click the link in the email.
spam    I keep getting spam in my inbox.
cloud storage    All my photos are saved in the cloud.

🔹 SOCIAL MEDIA VOCABULARY
Platform    Common Use
post    I posted a photo on Instagram.
like    She liked my comment.
comment    Leave a comment below.
share    He shared the article on Facebook.
tag / mention    They tagged me in the photo.
hashtag    #MondayMotivation is trending.
follow / unfollow    I follow tech influencers.
profile    Your profile needs an update.
notification    Did you get the notification?

🔸 PHRASES FOR ONLINE ACTIVITY
Situation    Expression
Starting a device    Turn it on / boot it up / restart your phone.
Internet problems    The connection is slow / It’s not loading.
Needing help    Can you help me fix this app?
Managing settings    Go to your settings and check notifications.
Posting something    I’m going to post this on Twitter.
Responding to messages    I’ll reply to that email later.

🔹 USEFUL VERBS AND COLLOCATIONS
Verb    Collocation    Example
download    a file / an app    Download the PDF from the website.
upload    a photo / a video    Upload your resume here.
charge    your phone / the battery    I forgot to charge my phone last night.
click    a link / a button    Click “submit” to send the form.
scroll    through the feed / page    I was scrolling through Instagram.
log in/out    to your account    Don’t forget to log out of public computers.

🧠 SENTENCE PATTERNS
I use [app/platform] to… → I use Zoom to attend online classes.
My phone died / ran out of battery.
Can you send me the link?
I forgot my password again!
This website isn’t loading properly.

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
I opened the computer.    I turned on the computer.    “Open” ≠ “Turn on”
I wrote a post in Instagram.    I wrote a post on Instagram.    Correct preposition: “on”
The Wi-Fi is very low.    The Wi-Fi signal is weak.    Use natural collocation
He published a photo.    He posted a photo.    “Post” is the common verb

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Emma: Hey, do you know how to reset a password on this app?
Jack: Yeah, just click “Forgot Password” and they’ll email you a link.
Emma: Got it. Also, I need to upload my ID for the registration.
Jack: Use the scanner on your phone, then send it through email or cloud.
Emma: Perfect. I’ll do it now—before my phone battery dies!

19.8 SIGNS, NOTICES, AND PUBLIC LANGUAGE
Objective:
To recognize and understand common public signs, instructions, and informational messages in English-speaking environments, especially in transport, public buildings, shops, and emergency contexts.

🔹 VOCABULARY: TYPES OF PUBLIC SIGNS
Type    Example Text    Common Location
Warning / Danger    Caution: Wet Floor    bathrooms, hallways
Prohibition    No Smoking    public transport, airports
Instruction / Request    Please Wait Here    queues, service counters
Directional    Exit → / Restrooms ←    public buildings, stations
Informational    Opening Hours: 9–5 Mon–Fri    shops, banks
Emergency    Fire Exit Only / Call 911    stairwells, emergency plans

🔸 TYPICAL WORDING AND MEANINGS
English Phrase    Meaning (Spanish)
Authorized personnel only    Solo personal autorizado
Keep out    Prohibido el paso
Mind the gap    Cuidado con el hueco (en trenes)
In case of emergency    En caso de emergencia
Out of order    Fuera de servicio
Push / Pull    Empujar / Tirar
Service unavailable    Servicio no disponible
Use other door    Use otra puerta

🔹 NOTICES IN SHOPS AND SERVICES
Example Notice    Meaning / Context
No refunds without receipt    Must have proof of purchase
Buy one, get one free    Promotional offer
All sales final    No returns or exchanges
Please have your ID ready    Needed for age-restricted products or bookings
Closed for maintenance    Temporarily not in use

🔸 TRANSPORTATION AND TRAVEL NOTICES
Sign or Announcement    Explanation
Next train departs at 14:45    Information about schedule
Tickets must be validated before travel    Validation machines may be required
Passengers must remain seated    Safety instruction
This area is under surveillance    CCTV or security cameras in use

🔹 PUBLIC BUILDING NOTICES (LIBRARIES, HOSPITALS, OFFICES)
Message    Use Case
Silence, please    Library, waiting room
Turn off mobile phones    Hospitals, theaters
Please sign in at reception    Office buildings
Visitors must wear a badge    Controlled-access facilities

🧠 FUNCTIONAL SENTENCE PATTERNS
Do not + verb → Do not touch the display.
Please + verb → Please take a number and wait your turn.
[Verb] only → Use stairs only in case of fire.
Subject + must + verb → Passengers must show ID.

❗ COMMON MISTAKES
Mistake    Correction    Why?
Prohibited to pass.    No entry / Do not enter    Not natural phrasing
Don’t smoke here.    ✔ Acceptable, but No smoking is standard    More formal and concise
Keep silence.    Silence, please / Please be quiet    “Keep silence” is unnatural
Use mask obligatory.    Face masks are required    Proper structure and formality

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG
Maya: I saw a sign that said “Out of Order.” Does that mean the elevator’s broken?
Tom: Yep. You’ll have to use the stairs.
Maya: Also, there’s one that says “Push to open,” but I kept pulling it.
Tom: Classic mistake! And did you notice the “Mind the gap” message on the train platform?
Maya: I did. That was helpful—I almost tripped!

19.9 UNIT 19 REVIEW
Objective:
To review and reinforce all vocabulary and expressions related to real-life communication contexts, with a focus on practical fluency, situational awareness, and functional English for everyday needs.

📘 WHAT YOU LEARNED IN THIS UNIT
🔹 19.1 ENGLISH FOR TRAVELLING
Vocabulary: ticket, gate, platform, boarding pass
Phrases for transport, hotel check-in, and emergencies
Key structures: I’d like to book…, Where can I…?, Can you help me…?

🔹 19.2 ENGLISH AT WORK
Formal email expressions: I’m writing to…, Best regards
Meeting language: Let’s begin, I agree/disagree, Can I ask…?
Telephone expressions: This is [Name] speaking, Please hold the line

🔹 19.3 ENGLISH FOR STUDYING
Academic terms: essay, deadline, lecture, syllabus
Instruction verbs: describe, explain, compare, summarize
Classroom expressions: Take notes, Revise for the test, Hand in your assignment

🔹 19.4 AT THE DOCTOR’S
Common symptoms: fever, headache, nausea, fatigue
Doctor-patient dialogue: How long have you had this?, Take one pill after meals
Emergencies: I need help, I’ve lost consciousness, Call an ambulance

🔹 19.5 BANKING AND MONEY MATTERS
Banking terms: account, balance, withdrawal, deposit
Transactions: I’d like to transfer funds, What’s my current balance?
Errors and questions: Can you explain this charge?, I lost my card

🔹 19.6 SHOPPING AND SERVICES
Store language: Do you have this in a medium?, Can I return it?
Product issues: This item is damaged, Where’s the receipt?
Service expressions: I’d like a haircut, Can you fix this phone?

🔹 19.7 TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIAL MEDIA
Devices and digital actions: download, upload, scroll, post
Online vocabulary: username, password, link, app
Social media terms: tag, like, share, comment, follow

🔹 19.8 SIGNS, NOTICES, AND PUBLIC LANGUAGE
Common signs: No entry, Out of order, Emergency exit
Public instructions: Please wait here, Push to open, Authorized personnel only
Transportation and building signs: Mind the gap, This area is under surveillance

🔹 19.9 LISTENING AND ROLE-PLAY
Practical listening in service and help scenarios
Fluency practice through customer dialogues and travel interactions
Key strategies: anticipate vocabulary, listen for tone, use polite expressions

💬 EXAMPLE DIALOG (INTEGRATED SCENARIO)
Receptionist: Welcome! Do you have a reservation?
Guest: Yes, it’s under García. Also, can I get a wake-up call at 6?
Receptionist: Of course. Breakfast is served from 7 to 10.
Guest: Thanks. By the way, the Wi-Fi isn’t working in my room.
Receptionist: I’ll ask maintenance to check it.
Guest: Also, I lost my debit card and need to go to the bank. Where’s the nearest one?
Receptionist: There’s one two blocks away—next to the pharmacy.
Guest: Perfect. I’ll head there now.